I have been talking about a term referred to in the Pandu Nayak DOJ vs Google testimony as IS, which appears to mean “information satisfaction,” signals. I thought this phrase represented the clicks, hovers, mouse scrolls and other engagement signals that are mentioned throughout the trial, but it turns out that IS signals are a different signal that Google uses in improving its ranking systems. IS refers to the information that comes from the quality raters as they rate sites. It is such an...